Cordoba House Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Cordoba House - Essay Example People's opinions differ greatly, as not all inhabitants of New York are looking forward to seeing the building being constructed there. Personally, I strongly believe that the Cordoba building should be moved elsewhere. This would be a very sensible step; it would prevent unrest from taking place. Many lives may also be lost in that unrest, hence it is in the best interest of everyone to move the building elsewhere. Based on the First Amendment to the United States, which is part of the Bill of Rights. The amendment guarantees freedom of religion, free exercise of religion, and freedom of speech. American society is diverse and is made up of people belonging to different religions. Cordoba house can be built anywhere, even two blocks from ground zero. They do have the right that guarantee by the first amendment, but it does not mean they have right they can make it right. This is relates to human morality. The majority of people, especially those families whose members died on Septe mber 11, feel that the Mosque is a â€Å"slap in the face† for them and for the society in general. This building will always remind on events taking place on that terrible date, and the darkest day in American history .The life of people who suffered from those events would become a terrible nightmare. The Park 51 was initiated by both American and Muslim representatives in order to build the proper relations between these two nations and to enhance the place of religion in the life of people but it was funded by Muslim. It was stated that Cordoba House project calls for a â€Å"15-story community center including a mosque, a temple, a worship place for Christian community and Catholic, performance art center, gym, swimming pool and other public spaces† (Bliman n.d.). It sounds very great and easy to attract to all community from every religion, gender, class, ages, and to visit and build relation with each other. The problem is why they have to build religion practic e inside the building, even though their intention is to build better understanding among various faiths. Do they have to build religion practice inside the building. There is a lot of way to unify all the religion they can make events every week or month where every religion can have their own workshop in one place. It is impossible to enhance the place of religion in one place. Imagine Muslim is praying and worship in their room with a loud sound. Next to it, Christian is worshipping their God by singing with a loud song and enthusiasm. Catholic and Jewish is praying with hymn. How they are going to react with each other when they feel being disturbed by other people that being worshipped their own God. It is like putting oil in the water which will never mix together. History has proved it time and again; it is been thousands of year people always fight each other in the name of religion. Many people died because of that do we have to add more pages to history of holy war. Everyb ody knows this building is a beautiful building with very proper architecture and elements, and this building will be added to beautiful constructions found in the New York city. But according to CNN Opinion research Corporation poll it showed that about 70 percent of all Americans oppose this plan. While only 29 percent were in favor of the park. People that want to build Park 51 should listen to this voice. They build this house based on tolerance between people. If they want to show tolerance they should consider this voice. This is like put salt into the wound that

Psych Case Formulation on Bipolar patient Study

Psych Formulation on Bipolar patient - Case Study Example Bipolar patients experience recurrent episodes of high or elevated moods; characteristics of mania and depression states. Bipolar disorder symptoms can lead to broken relations, and even suicide. Individuals who experience the combination of major depressive episodes and mania are diagnosed with bipolar I disorder, and individuals who experience the combination of major depressive episodes and hypomania are diagnosed with bipolar II disorder. Bipolar illness is a long term condition that can be managed throughout the lifetime of a patient; enabling the patient to lead a healthy life. This paper will deal with sequences of thought, feelings, and deeds that are maladaptive, disruptive, either for the bipolar patient; treatment options will also be discussed in this paper. Clinical data regarding to bipolar disorders is used by most researchers, who follow the bio-psychosocial approach. Bipolar disorder is a psychological disorder, analyzing it requires the combination and interaction o f biological factors, psychological process, and socio-cultural contexts. According to a survey performed by Kessler et al (2005), bipolar disorder develops in an individual’s late teens or early adult life, before the 25 years. A small percentage of bipolar patients experience their initial symptoms during childhood while a larger percentage develops symptoms later on in life. It is very hard to make a diagnosis of bipolar disorder during its onset. This can be better explained by the neurobiological model which focuses on genetic influences and biological disturbances in the brain. Most individuals go through so much anguish for years before they are correctly diagnosed and treated. This study also proved that this mood disorder may be due to problems in the frontal lobes, hippocampus, and other brain parts associated with moods. Imbalanced of neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin according to research is one of the causes of late onset of bipola r disorders. Current completed epidemiological research has approximated the lifetime occurrence of bipolar I and II disorders in the general population to be 3.7%–3.9% (Hirschfeld et al, 2003; Kessler et al, 2005). The frequency in samples of patients displaying depression is much higher, ranging from 21% (Hirschfeld et al, 2005) to 26% (Manning et al, 1997) in primary care settings, and from 28% (Hantouche et al, 1998) to 49% (Benazzi, 1997) in psychiatric clinics. A study conducted by Hirschfeld et all (2000) on the development and validation of a screening instrument for bipolar spectrum disorder recommended the mood disorder questionnaire. Results from this study proved that the use of screening equipment, such as the Mood Disorder Questionnaire, can significantly improve recognition of individuals with bipolar illness, particularly among depressed patients. These results aid in the displaying of bio-psychosocial elucidations, which emphasize the impact of anxiety, negat ive thoughts, and other psychosocial and emotional responses. From the questioner, the way the participants thought about their stressors indicated the likelihood of a mood disorder. A study funded by the national institute of mental health, conducted by Frank et al (2005) revealed the likelihood of relapse due to psychosocial intervention. Careful attention is paid to the social and cultural factors that form the context, or background of abnormal behavior. From the data obtained, psychosocial inte

Symbolism In Hills Like White Elephants

Symbolism In Hills Like White Elephants Many stories contain symbolism such as the conch in the well known story Lord of the Flies symbolizing order on the island, or the name Fortunado in the story The Cask of Amontillado, symbolizing an ironic ending to the character. One story in particular that uses symbolism throughout the whole story to represent many different things is the short story Hills like White Elephants by Ernest Hemmingway. Hemmingway is an outstanding author and writes magnificent stories. This short story of his is about a couple who is discussing abortion in Spain and how difficult their problems are. Hemingway does a tremendous job using symbolism to show their problems throughout the story. Ernest Hemingway had a very interesting life and was a man who lived life as it came. His writing touched millions of people. He wrote about fascinating stories that were very strong and unforgettable. Hemmingway wrote about all sorts, pretty much whatever he felt like writing. Hemingway was born in Oak Park Illinois on July 21, 1899. His parents were Dr. Clarence Edmonds and Grace Hall Hemingway. His father was a practicing doctor, and later taught him how to hunt and fish. Hemmingway also liked to box.Unlike the bond with his father, Hemingway did not have a good relationship with his mother. Hemingways education consisted Oak Park and River Forest High School. Here is where he realized he had a gift of writing. Hitting the age of 18, Hemmingway decided to move to Kansas City instead of attending college. While in Kansas City, he obtained a job as a cub reporter on the Kansas City Star. During this time, he kept to himself. His writing style was first introduced by the Kansas City Star, it was brief and straight forward. Although his career was doing well, in May of 1918, Hemingway wanted to join the Army but was rejected due to a defective left eye which he inherited from his mother. Instead of joining the Army he joined the Red Cross. When he was overseas, one night he was sneaking smokes and chocolate into the soldiers. While doing so, he was hit in the leg by an Austrian machine gun and got over a hundred pieces of metal stuck in his body from grenades. Through unbearable pain, he managed to save a wounded soldier and carry him to safety. For his courageous acts, he was awarded the Italian Medal of Valor, a very high award. He recovered from injuries at the Ospedale Croce Rossa American, in Milan. This stay in Italy set a tremendous place to write his novel, A Farewell to Arms. After Hemmingways recovery, He returned to Oak Hill to live with his mother, until he was forced out for not having a job. After the trouble with his mom, Hemmingway moved to Chica go and got a job writing for the Toronto Star and was a sparring partner for boxers. While in the windy city, he came upon a women by the name of Elizabeth Hadly Richerdson. Hemingway fell madly in love with her and wanted to marry but money was a big problem. The two moved to Canada where their son John Hadly Hemingway was born in 1923. Shortly after, Hemmingway received a Nobel prize for his piece, The Old Man and The Sea. As success was finally with Hemmingway, tragedy struck. On one ofhis flights, his plane crashed leaving him with devastating injuries including a concussion, paralysis of the sphincter, first degree burns in his face, arm and head, a sprained right arm and shoulder, a crushed vertebra, and a ruptured liver, spleen and kidney. He was in much agony and pain for many months. In April 1961, Hemmingway tried to kill himself by putting a gun to his head, but did not succeed in suicide. While cleaning his shotgun in July of 1961, Hemmingway accidently shot himself. The gun which was made just for him took his life, and the life of an Author whose writing touched millions of people (Unknown, Ernest Hemingway Biography. The Hemmingway Resource Center. 4-1-10 http://www.lostgeneration.com/childhood.htm). Hemmingways story, Hills like White Elephants, has many symbolizing parts. Practically everything in the story symbolizes a different item. The story is about a girl by the name of Jig, and an American man, whose name is not stated. The story takes place in a railroad station while the two are waiting to board a train to Madrid. As the two await the trains arrival, they get into an intense, heated argument on whether or not the girl Jig should get an abortion. Jig wants to keep the baby, but the story indicates the man does not at first, but then emphasizes that he wants to do whatever Jig decides on. The story ends by the man carrying the bags to the other side of the tracks as they prepare to board the train and depart. The ending leaves us puzzled and unclear about the decision Jig made. At the end of the story she says I feel fine which leaves us questioning if she was going to go through with the abortion. There are many symbols in the story, but the three that are most recogniz able are the hills, white elephants, and the rail station. The hills symbolize one of many things. One could be obstacles that we as people must climb in order to achieve things. Being that they are hills and not giant mountains, we are able to get over them. This represents that the Jigs baby is a major obstacle in their life that they both can overcome and go on with normal lives. The Hills could very well be viewpoints to see from, but they block the views for people that live in the valley of the hills. This represents that in the story Jig views the Hills and finds opportunity while the man sees nothing because he is worried that the child will cause him to not have a happy and successful future. The Hills also could present a form of imagery being that the hills represent the shape of a pregnant woman. Jig could view the hills as a woman bearing a child is lying on her back with her stomach and breasts swollen from the pregnancy. During a part of the story, Jig mentions while viewing the scenery that they could have all this. Saying th is, she was meaning that the hills represented a challenge to face, new life to partake in, and possibility for the both of them. The white elephants are another sign of symbolism, which could possibly represent the baby. A white elephant is a valuable possession of which its owner cannot dispose and whose cost (particularly cost of upkeep) is out of proportion to its usefulness or worth. It is also a gift that is useless to one person, but priceless to another. This being said is that the baby is priceless to her, but her partner could care less about having a child. The last main symbolizing item in the story is the train station. It can mean one of many things. One side of the station is a dry, dead landscape, which represents dissipation and death of the baby, while the other side is green and beautiful, representing life, and a new beginning. Besides the landscape, the tracks also have a meaning. Railroad tracks run parallel, which means they never touch or run into one another. This could symbolize the relationship of Jig and the American man (Schaefers, Adam. Analyzing the Symbolism of Hills like White Elephants by Ernest Hemingway. Lifestyle. 4-1-10 ). Hemmingway wrote many great stories and used symbolism in many great ways. In his story Hills like White Elephants; he did an amazing job showing the trouble of a couple on a decision affecting the rest of their lives. Hemmingway has many other great stories and his stories and symbolization has given people different ways to view stories and has touched the hearts of millions. Citations: Schaefers, Adam. Analyzing the Symbolism of Hills like White Elephants by Ernest Hemingway. Lifestyle. 4-1-10 . Cummings, Michael J. Hills Like White Elephants. Cummings Guides. 4-1-10 . Unknown, Ernest Hemingway Biography. The Hemmingway Resource Center. 4-1-10 . Machete, Ernest Hemingway . Literary Analysis. 4-1-10 .

Chinatown Essay examples -- Culture Cultural Papers

Chinatown Before the 1960s, the era of the Civil Rights Movement and People of Color Movements, ethnic towns were formed due to the anti-ethnic legislation, which forced many people of color to live in certain areas of the city. After the relaxation of some anti-ethnic legislation, especially in residential segregation, these ethnic towns changed. No longer are these ethnic groups forced to live in segregated areas due to legislation, but rather because of economic and cultural survival due to the resources that are found in these ethnic towns. Chinatown, Korea town, and Thai town are ethnic enclaves that formed due to this process. Pilipinos themselves had their own enclave during those days also. During the 1920s and 1930s, "Little Manilas, " a more common term, dotted the cities like Seattle (along King Street), Stockton (along El Dorado Street), San Francisco (along Kearny Street), and Los Angeles (along Temple Street). Overt racism in housing evident in the segregation of residential patterns as well as a yearning to be with one’s own kababayan (which means companion/friend), caused these areas to exist. However, due to racist immigration laws that prohibited the Manongs to procreate along with other socioeconomic factors, these "Little Manilas" faded away either by forced gentrification by the city or its history being forgotten. There are several reasons for this lack of necessity of an ethnic enclave for Pilipino Americans. First, Pilipinos who immigrate to the United States are very acquainted with American society due to the U.S. occupation of the motherland. Hence, they are more susceptible to assimilation than many other ethnic groups. As a result, they did not have the need to create their own institution... ...hat I can to ensure a bright future for Historic Pilipino Town and the Little Manilas that may appear here and there. Being young and of the â€Å"next† generation, I would love to be able to visit this town thirty years from now and tell my children, â€Å"I remember the day this whole place was recognized. It’s still as beautiful as ever.† References Brainard, C., Litton, E. (1999). Reflections on the Centennial of Philippine Independence. San Francisco: Philippine American Woman Writers and Artists (PAWWA). Macatuno, E. (2002, October). Our Town. Filipinas Magazine, 71-72 Mosqueda, K. (2002, August 3). Dream now a Reality. Retrieved October 2, 2002 from www.balita.com. Personal Interview. Susan Maquindang. October 1, 2002 Trinidad, E. (2002, August). City of Los Angeles dedicated Historic Filipinotown. Retrieved October 2, 2002 from www.Fasgi.org/news. Chinatown Essay examples -- Culture Cultural Papers Chinatown Before the 1960s, the era of the Civil Rights Movement and People of Color Movements, ethnic towns were formed due to the anti-ethnic legislation, which forced many people of color to live in certain areas of the city. After the relaxation of some anti-ethnic legislation, especially in residential segregation, these ethnic towns changed. No longer are these ethnic groups forced to live in segregated areas due to legislation, but rather because of economic and cultural survival due to the resources that are found in these ethnic towns. Chinatown, Korea town, and Thai town are ethnic enclaves that formed due to this process. Pilipinos themselves had their own enclave during those days also. During the 1920s and 1930s, "Little Manilas, " a more common term, dotted the cities like Seattle (along King Street), Stockton (along El Dorado Street), San Francisco (along Kearny Street), and Los Angeles (along Temple Street). Overt racism in housing evident in the segregation of residential patterns as well as a yearning to be with one’s own kababayan (which means companion/friend), caused these areas to exist. However, due to racist immigration laws that prohibited the Manongs to procreate along with other socioeconomic factors, these "Little Manilas" faded away either by forced gentrification by the city or its history being forgotten. There are several reasons for this lack of necessity of an ethnic enclave for Pilipino Americans. First, Pilipinos who immigrate to the United States are very acquainted with American society due to the U.S. occupation of the motherland. Hence, they are more susceptible to assimilation than many other ethnic groups. As a result, they did not have the need to create their own institution... ...hat I can to ensure a bright future for Historic Pilipino Town and the Little Manilas that may appear here and there. Being young and of the â€Å"next† generation, I would love to be able to visit this town thirty years from now and tell my children, â€Å"I remember the day this whole place was recognized. It’s still as beautiful as ever.† References Brainard, C., Litton, E. (1999). Reflections on the Centennial of Philippine Independence. San Francisco: Philippine American Woman Writers and Artists (PAWWA). Macatuno, E. (2002, October). Our Town. Filipinas Magazine, 71-72 Mosqueda, K. (2002, August 3). Dream now a Reality. Retrieved October 2, 2002 from www.balita.com. Personal Interview. Susan Maquindang. October 1, 2002 Trinidad, E. (2002, August). City of Los Angeles dedicated Historic Filipinotown. Retrieved October 2, 2002 from www.Fasgi.org/news.

Milo 3 in 1 Substitute and Market Structure

Milo 3 in 1 is a normal product. It is a convenience product to the consumer which comes with low price and easy to consume. The product comes with high quality and safe to consume. Complements for Milo 3in1 are Milo sejuk(ice), Milo Powder and Milo Ready to Drink. Milo sejuk (ice) is an instant ice Milo which just adds cold water to the powder. The powder of Milo sejuk soluble easier with the cold water even without hot water which normally used for melting powder or make them become more soluble.Milo Powder is an ordinary Milo powder with no extraordinary add-ons or plain Milo. Consumer needs to add sugar, condensed milk or creamer themselves with the powder. Normally, Milo powder is packaged in large Milo tin. Milo Ready to Drink is Milo in cans and small package. Consumer buys and consumes straightforward because the Milo inside it is ready to be drink. Substitutes for Milo 3 in 1 are Horlicks, Ovaltine, Vi-Co, Nescafe. Horlicks and Ovaltine is a malted milk hot drink. It is made from malted barley and wheat flour.It comes with different taste and smell compared with Milo which is made from chocolate. It served as a beverage same with Milo and fortified with vitamins and minerals. Vi-Co is commonly known as the straight competitor to Milo. It serves the same hot chocolate milk as Milo. Nescafe serves different kinds of coffee. They start with coffee powder like Nescafe Classic, Gold and 3in1. They also serve a variety of coffee in cans like latte, mocha and cappuccino. Moreover, they have localized product like Nescafe Ipoh White Coffee.Milo 3in1 belongs to monopolistic competition market. It comes as one of the product differentiation by Milo. There are other products such as Milo sejuk, Milo powder and Milo Ready to Drink. It has many sellers in Malaysia and buyers who prefer Milo 3in1 compare to other complements and substitutes. It is the price makers for the same kind of product in the market since the it sells the most compared to others. It also spen t a lot of money on advertisements such as Milo – Fields of Barley TVC and Milo TV: Malaysia Boleh.

Kristen Cookie Company Essay

Yes. If Kristen and roommate can only do their own job, the max order(order by order) they can process is 8 orders a night. But if they can cross-training, would 1. Receive order print and reply Roommate 1 minute/order Mix ingredients Kristen 6 minutes /max 3trays Spooning cookies onto tray Kristen 2 minutes/tray Cookies in oven Roommate 10 minutes/tray Cool down cookies Roommate 5 minutes/tray Pack Roommate 2 minutes/tray Accept payment Roommate 1 minute/order 2. (1) Spooning cookies onto tray Cookies in oven (If receive a 2-dozens order) While Kristen is spooning cookies onto tray, the first tray she finished can send to roommate to put into oven. At the mean time, Kristen can spoon the second tray. (2) (If receive a 2-dozens order) While cooling down the first tray of cookies, roommate can put second tray into oven. (3) (If receive a 2-dozens order) After the first tray cool down, can pack directly. At the same time, second tray of cookies should be in the oven. 3. According to the answer of 1st question shown. So, amount of time to process a dozen of cookies is 27minutes (1+6+2+10+5+2+1=27) 4. (1) If Kristen proceed order by order, will be 8 orders of single dozen per night. 4 hours=240 minutes, 240/27=8.88 orders. (2) If Kristen and roommate can proceed different orders at the same time, that is 240minutes/45 minutes = 5.3 5.3x2orders =10.6, 10 orders be able to process more orders. Example shown below for 4hours performance of Kristen and roommate As the chart shown above, 4 hours of cross-training process can almost complete single dozen orders. 6. If Kristen and roommate still process order by order(process one order at one time), buying another oven can only reduce the baking time for 2-dozens order, 2-dozens order(time spend) complete orders in 4 hours one oven 1 + 6 + 2 + 10 + 10 + 5 + 2 + 1 = 37mins 6 two ovens 1 + 6 + 2 + 2 + 10 + 5 + 2 + 2 + 1 = 31mins 7 That’s mean, add another oven can only increase one more 2-dozens order. Therefore, buying another oven is not a good decision. 7. Question 3 is design to work from order to order, that is, Kristen and roommate have to (1) do their own job, and (2) can only process one order at a time. However, in real life, people will try hard to combine orders to save the time of process. 8. Without labor cost, the ingredients’ cost and the package cost are total $0.70. Assume that Kristen and her roommate both receive $10/hour as salary, and receive 15 orders per night. The total cost will be $90.5 per night, and $6.00 per pack of cookie. One pack of fresh cookies (daily made) sold in grocery store is about $3.00-5.00. We can assume that Kristen Cookies Company set their price at $6.00 pack. (Kristen and roommate only earn $10/hour/person as salary) Even though, the cookie Kristen Cookie Company provides is the freshest and most convenience for students. It is very hard to have extra profit. The significant problem that Kristen Cookie Company has is that *The producing process is not efficient. Because they are offering a customization service. If they can limit their product line into fewer categories They can switch their delivery system from â€Å"projects † to â€Å"job shop† .

How to Indicate Unspoken and Indirect Discourse

How to Indicate Unspoken and Indirect Discourse How to Indicate Unspoken and Indirect Discourse How to Indicate Unspoken and Indirect Discourse By Mark Nichol What type of markers or emphasis should a writer give to signal that a character’s thoughts are unspoken? Though some people disagree, the consensus is that they should be enclosed in quotation marks as if they were said aloud: 1. â€Å"She surveyed the shambles of her room and thought, ‘Where do I start?’† This mode of what is known as unspoken discourse assumes that internally vocalized thoughts are a form of direct speech. â€Å"Unspoken discourse† is not to be confused with â€Å"indirect discourse,† which describes indirect speech, or paraphrase: 2. â€Å"She surveyed the shambles of her room and wondered, where should she start?† In this case, the person would not think, â€Å"Where should she start?† in those words, so the final phrase of the sentence is a paraphrase, not a quote, and should not be enclosed in quotation marks. Indirect discourse has another, similar form: 3. â€Å"She surveyed the shambles of her room and wondered where she should start.† Notice that in this example, a different type of paraphrase, a comma does not precede the thought, and no question mark punctuates this sentence, because it’s not a question. As I mentioned above, some writers prefer to omit quotation marks in unspoken discourse: 4. â€Å"She surveyed the shambles of her room and thought, Where do I start?† This style is also correct, but it requires greater attention from the reader, and it seems more trouble than it’s worth to distinguish between spoken thoughts and unspoken ones, especially in fiction. Employing italics is an alternative strategy for unspoken discourse, but this method is best used in internal dialogue, when a person is conversing with their alter ego, or with a disembodied entity such as a spirit, or perhaps a guiding force from within: â€Å"The voice seemed to resonate inside her: Go forth, and fear not.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Writing Prompts 10150 Idioms About Roads and Paths50+ Words That Describe Animals (Including Humans)

Sparta and Athens essays

Sparta and Athens essays Sparta and Athens are like apples and oranges; the same but different. Both are fruit grown on trees in the case of the apples and oranges, and both are city-states in Greece in the case of Athens and Sparta. Apples and oranges have distinctly different tastes, textures and flavors. Athens and Sparta had markedly different types of origins, social class, government and military history. In this paper both similarities and differences between Athens and Sparta will be explored, so as to learn the real truth about these two ancient city-state giants. The origins of these two city-states have some similarities and some differences. What started as two uninhabited small parcels of land ended up as Athens and Sparta. Around 3000 B.C. the Mycenaeans inhabited Athens. Mycenaean rule lasted for 2900 years. From 1100 B.C. to 950 B.C., the Dorians invaded Athens along with other Mycenaean city-states. Mycenaean rule and civilization were destroyed. Athens survived the Dorian invasions and developed into an advanced city-state. The city-state Sparta was formed as a result of the Dorian invasions. In 900 B.C., fifty years after Athens was invaded, the Dorians invaded Laconia in southeastern Greece, destroying almost all of the small villages. In 800 B.C. many Dorian villages banded together to form Sparta (Encyclopedia Vol. 4). Sparta was the ideal place for the evolution of a military because it had natural protective barriers; mountains in the north, east, and west. The development of social class and government in Sparta and Athens had a long road that had many bumps before the two city-states reached their final goal or destination. How each city-state took the bumps separated one city-state from the other. Spartas social class was first made of two kings who were descendants of the Dorian king. In 735 B.C. the Spartans invaded Messenia, making its people the lowest class of citizens, helots. Sparta ...

Study Guide Questions for A Christmas Carol

Study Guide Questions for 'A Christmas Carol' A Christmas Carol is a famous Christmas novella by  Charles Dickens, one of the greatest authors in Victorian literature. While Dickens is usually known for his longer work this novella has remained popular since its publication. As the main character Scrooge is visited by the ghost of past, present and future he learns a valuable lesson about the meaning of Christmas and the cost of greed. The message of this show still rings true in this modern age which has helped make the story a Christmas classic. The novella has remained popular in English classes because of its strong moral message. Here are a few questions for study and discussion. What is important about the title? What are the conflicts in A Christmas Carol? What types of conflict (physical, moral, intellectual, or emotional) did you notice in this novel? What message is Dickens sending about greed? Do you think this message is still relevant to modern society? Why or why not?   If Dickens were telling this story in modern times how do you think the story would change?   How does Charles Dickens reveal character in A Christmas Carol? What are some themes in the story? How do they relate to the plot and characters? What are some symbols in A Christmas Carol? How do they relate to the plot and characters? Are the characters consistent in their actions? Which of the characters are fully developed? How? Why? Do you find the characters likable? Are the characters persons you would want to meet? Does the novel end the way you expected? How? Why? Why do you think it was important for Scrooge to travel to the past, present and future of Christmas?   Why did Jacob Marleys ghost appear to Scrooge in chains? What were the chains meant to symbolize?   What is the central/primary purpose of the story? Is the purpose important or meaningful? How essential is the setting to the story? Could the story have taken place anywhere else? What is the role of women in the text? How are mothers represented? What about single/independent women? What is the role of Tiny Tim in the story?   How does Fezziwig differ from Scrooge? Whats his purpose in the story?   What elements of this novel appear to diverge from the earlier works of Charles Dickens? How effective are the supernatural elements of A Christmas Carol? Why do you think this story has remained so relevant over the years?   Where there any parts of the story you think did not stand the test of time?   Would you recommend this novel to a friend? Study Guide A Christmas Carol TextQuotesVocabulary / TermsCharles Dickens Biography

Statistical Analysis of Experimental Data Research Paper

Statistical Analysis of Experimental Data - Research Paper Example Analysis of variance (t-tests) can be used to estimate the probability that the underlying phenomena are not the same (Sergey, &Valery, 2012). Research plays a major role in psychology. The results are relayed through statistics. In order to understand how people behave, think and feel, Psychologists depend on research. Research needs to be organized to be understood by psychologists; therefore statistics help organize the information and make the connection between the research and group of people for easier understanding. These professionals use statistical methods to help them make sense of the numbers they collect when conducting research (James, Glen, Robert, Reid, 1998) Psychology and other human sciences employ statistics in helping understand and in the process solve various issues. A common example can be seen with psychologists’ keen interest on how health is affected by stress. A focused question might involve the study of a specific psychological symptom and its im pact on the health of the population. To assess whether the symptom is a good indicator of stress we need to measure the symptom and stress levels in a sample of individuals from the population. It is not immediately clear how we should go about collecting this sample, i.e. how we should design the study (Mandel, 2012). The data sets that psychologists collect will usually consist of one more observations on one or more variables. A common example can be seen with psychologists’ keen interest.

Netflix Will Lose Money for All of 2012 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Netflix Will Lose Money for All of 2012 - Essay Example Fortunately, Netflix was able to determine the main cause for their financial downfall. In a very costly move, the company had decided to expand its video streaming service into Ireland and the United Kingdom. Despite the price of the endeavor, it is expected to be a success; however, a large amount of United States subscribers have cancelled their own services, significantly decreasing the amount of money that Netflix can play with to expand their services. During the regulatory filing on November 21, 2011, Netflix extended their warning of losing money to encompass the entire 2012 fiscal year. As though needing to show proof of their financial difficulties, Netflix shares closed at 5.4% lower on November 22. During the same filing the revealed the devastating announcement, Netflix also announced their plans of raising an additional four hundred million dollars to help the company out of their financial hole. To do this, Netflix is turning to investors. Netflix is currently selling almost three million shares at seventy dollars per share, which is six percent below the closing price on November 21. The offering was scheduled to close approximately on November 28. Furthermore, Netflix is also selling two million dollars worth of convertible bonds to investment funds that are associated with Technology Crossover Ventures, which is a fund that has been investing in Netflix for over ten years. The money raised from all of the aforementioned methods will provide the company with the money needed to invest in more content, though the need for secondary offerings are usually believed to be foreboding signs of further financial devastation. â€Å"They can signal that expenditures have outpaced expectations and that a company needs to raise more cash.† To make matters worse for Netflix, which only had roughly four million in cash at the end of the last quarter, is that they are facing threats brought on by rivals with a significantly larger amount of money. Film and television studios are demanding even more money for companies to make use of their valuable content, and rivals are coming out of the woodwork to make their bids. Among these rivals are big names such as Hulu and kiosk service Redbox, but other well-known technology giants that are looking at creating video streaming include Amazon and Google. An analyst stated earlier this year that Netflix’s streaming content licensing will cost a total of two billion dollars in 2012, which is a significant rise from the one hundred and eighty million they were paying in 2010. In its filing on November 21, Netflix stated that it has payments of roughly four billion dollars due over the next few years to pay for content under their current contracts. Unfortunately, Netflix is losing many of these incredibly important licenses. Starz, a particularly large name in entertainment, has opted not to renew their contract with Netflix. By early 2012, they plan to remove all of their movies and television shows from the Netflix service. This loss of content has customers up in arms, demanding why they are being expected to pay more for a service they are getting less of. Customers were already fuming due to Netflix’s announcement in July to charge separate prices for DVDs-by-mail and streaming video, which would increase

Touched by a Vampire Named Angel by Lynn Schofield - The Appropriatene Personal Statement

Touched by a Vampire Named Angel by Lynn Schofield - The Appropriateness of the Science Fiction Genre to the Target Audience - Personal Statement Example The above-named program targets the teenagers and young adults rather than the blanket population. Historically, the westerns type of movies could only appeal to the older generation of the audience because they were the only group that had an idea about the culture that was depicted in the films. However, the science fiction likes the one under this discussion appeals to the teenagers and the young adult group because this group is highly liberal. The use of vampires in films has especially every now and then been criticized by the older generations specifically due to the strong connection that the older generation attaches between vampires and the end times as prescribed by most religions (Clark 3). The older generations often tend to be very religious and are also guided by various religious principles in their daily lives. The teenage and young adult group is however different. First of all, this group is liberal. Majority of teenagers and young adults hold liberal religious beliefs and therefore do not find science fiction films to conflict with their religious beliefs. Secondly, even among the very religious persons among the target group, they treat science fiction as just entertainment. This is important because they can, therefore, watch films with strong religious connotations without being offended or questioning the motives of the producers because they take films as meant for entertainment purposes. Hence, this ta rget group can watch films that have vampires as the heroes without taking it as being an abomination. Looking at the second question posed in the introduction regarding the significance of the vampire named â€Å"Angel†, one has to keenly follow the actions, the thoughts and words of the character. Although being a vampire, Angel is not wicked and his actions, thoughts and words are consistent with a being that is caring especially to the human beings who easily may be harmed by the vampire population.  Ã‚  

Cango Third Analysis Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Cango Third Analysis Report - Essay Example Performance appraisals are often done by the company in regards to motivating the employees to engage, align and act in proper synchronization with regards to the company’s goals and objectives (Grubb, 2007, p. 2). The subjective measure of performance takes into account, the various influencing factors that can affect an employee’s performance. But at the same time, since they are dependent on human judgments rather than judged from the objective point of view, there is a tendency of errors. The reason for the errors can be mostly attributed to the human’s ability of judging an employee’s capability and performance (Jones, Steffy & Bray, 1991, p. 307). It can be clearly seen from the transcripts that Clark has confessed to the fact that he is having a serious problem of evaluating his subordinates on the basis of their performance while following the company’s normal scale of subjective performance evaluation. It is quite evident that while evaluating his team members, Clark is making errors related to the factors of leniency. As per the transcripts, Clark prefers to recommend employees with a higher rating on their subjective type performance appraisal rather than giving them a lower rating. This clearly highlights his erroneous evaluation of performance reports, due to his lenient nature of evaluation, while providing the subordinates and team members with a benefit of doubt. Clark’s habit of providing handling performance appraisals on the basis of benefit of doubt also highlights his ability of judging his team members abilities, while using the subjective scale of performance. Clark’s Way Out There can be a number of ways in which Clark can handle this problem while still following the company’s subjective performance appraisal system. Training In an attempt to handle this problem, Clark can opt for help from fellow managers who are working at Cango. Taking this approach of seeking help will lead to an informal form of training from his colleagues, thereby making him more efficient in the handling of the performance evaluation system of the company. Better judgment Another way to tackle his existing problem is through the fact of going for a one on one interview and feedback session for his team members with regards to the targets and assignments they have achieved. This will enable him to make an informed and well justified choice, thereby removing his option of benefit of doubt, while evaluating his team members. 2. Clark’s Suggestion and Its Implication It can be commonly said that the performance management system is done with the sole aim of motivating the employees. It involves the process of defining performance of the employees with regards to the competency required to perform the specified tasks. Performance analysis is also related to the process of determining and understanding the various factors that effectively contributes to the performance of the employees as well as managing them for the purpose of developing their skills and competencies thereby converting them to highly valued resources for the company. (http://books.google.co.in/books?id=qCZTEPI52pkC&printsec=frontcover&dq=performance+management+system&source=bl&ots=YB_a0Dlos7&sig=HEKfKSExUpmHdDu2Yvut9Rv17hk&hl=en&sa=X&ei=u5tyUKLbEOPEmAW6-YDgBQ&ved=0CEUQ6wEwAg#v=onepage&q=performance%20management%20system&f=false, p. 53) Performance management system can be either subjective or objective based in nature. Objective based performance manag

Should Barry Bonds get into the Major League Baseball Hall of Fame Research Paper

Should Barry Bonds get into the Major League Baseball Hall of Fame (argument in favor of Bonds) - Research Paper Example Whether or not the use of performance enhancing drugs is ethical or not is irrelevant as it is not a criteria for election. Even if it is eventually proven that Bonds did use PEDs, this alone is not a violation of Hall of Fame requirements. If ethical and moral behavior were a factor, many existing hall of famers may need to be re-examined and removed as even the great Babe Ruth was known to abuse alcohol. Regardless of personal conduct or ethical choices, Barry Bonds has not been banned from baseball and has not violated any of the criteria for being inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame. Therefore, any consideration for his nomination should be objective and consider only his accomplishments on the field. One argument for preventing Bonds from entering the Hall of Fame is that he used PEDs which are not only a banned substance, but also would give him an unfair edge making his numbers invalid. Players who have been found to use illegal substances are often given an asterisk next to their record that places a question mark on the validity of the accomplishment. Yet, this assumes his batting was based on drugs alone. It is impossible to make this determination conclusively. Even if a player used anabolic steroids, scientific studies have mixed results making it difficult for an absolute conclusion to be reached. In fact, if PEDs were all it took to become a professional athlete the use of these drugs would be out of control in the amateur leagues as well. After an intense study of steroid use and it’s affect on athletes, they â€Å"conclude that although the data suggests that well trained athletes may have a greater strength gain while taking anabolic steroid compared with placebos, the data are insufficient to allow any firm conclusion about the efficacy of anabolic steroids in enhancing overall athletic performance.† (Braunstein, et al. 392). These results indicate that by taking steroids, a professionally trained athlete such as Bonds may ha ve gained strength, but this would not have had any impact on other hitting factors such as swing, eye hand coordination or the ability to determine which pitches to swing at or not. In other words, an athlete must still have talent and ability to be successful. If these drugs do assist in this, the impact appears to be minimal. Additionally, according to Hartgens, most studies prove that steroid use alone does not increase strength. â€Å"Based on available well designed studies it can be concluded that the impact of enhance the effects of strength training.† (528). Therefore, the use of steroids does not eliminate the need for an athlete to train and certainly would not replace a lack of ability or talent. The talent of Barry Bonds should not be called into question. Though it might be argued any edge he received from these drugs might have been cheating, it should also be considered that Bonds was not alone in taking steroids. This does not validate usage of the drugs, but it does demonstrate that even if these drugs did give an athlete an edge, it is not much of an edge if many other players are taking these same substances. In one confidential survey and testimonial of former users and coaches â€Å"suggest that around 80-100 percent of national/international standard body builders , weightlifters and field athletes use anabolic steroids.† (Choi,349). Though the use of anonymous individuals might be suspect, it does indicate that the use of steroi

Questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Questions - Assignment Example I expect to learn different methodologies of researching career opportunities. A cover letter expresses your interest in and qualifications for a position to a prospective employer. It expresses your intent, interest, and enthusiasm in position. It complements and emphasizes highlights of your resume and demonstrates your personality and writing ability 2. It must be clear and understandable. Use concrete words, prefer present tense and be specific in communicating your experiences. Being vague in descriptions, using weak words such as endeavored, using sexiest language must completely be avoided. The guy was not suited in appropriate attire. He was wearing a jeans & a t-shirt with a cap. He was totally looking unprofessional. If he even hadn’t wear the appropriate dress during the interview day, one cannot expect from him to wear three piece or dress paint and shirt on duty which is mandatory for the culture of restaurant. On the other hand, the lady was quite well suited with the most appropriate attire. She was looking professional and educated. She was more confident than the guy. She was looking in the eyes of the interviewer whereas the boy was looking here and there while speaking which reveals that he was unconfident or may be, rude. The qualifications and work experience of the lady were related to the post. She has achieved a degree in Business which is the most suitable qualification for a Manager. She worked with Apple Beas for 4 years which shows that she has been consistent in her work and the reason for leaving the job was also reasonable. On the other hand, the boy worked as a clerk for a video shop for just 2 months. It probably means that he would not remain in the restaurant for a consistent period, if hired. The boy was not prepared whereas the girl was totally prepared and that was why she was confident in answering the question. She even knew the names of the location

Should Barry Bonds get into the Major League Baseball Hall of Fame Research Paper

Should Barry Bonds get into the Major League Baseball Hall of Fame (argument in favor of Bonds) - Research Paper Example Whether or not the use of performance enhancing drugs is ethical or not is irrelevant as it is not a criteria for election. Even if it is eventually proven that Bonds did use PEDs, this alone is not a violation of Hall of Fame requirements. If ethical and moral behavior were a factor, many existing hall of famers may need to be re-examined and removed as even the great Babe Ruth was known to abuse alcohol. Regardless of personal conduct or ethical choices, Barry Bonds has not been banned from baseball and has not violated any of the criteria for being inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame. Therefore, any consideration for his nomination should be objective and consider only his accomplishments on the field. One argument for preventing Bonds from entering the Hall of Fame is that he used PEDs which are not only a banned substance, but also would give him an unfair edge making his numbers invalid. Players who have been found to use illegal substances are often given an asterisk next to their record that places a question mark on the validity of the accomplishment. Yet, this assumes his batting was based on drugs alone. It is impossible to make this determination conclusively. Even if a player used anabolic steroids, scientific studies have mixed results making it difficult for an absolute conclusion to be reached. In fact, if PEDs were all it took to become a professional athlete the use of these drugs would be out of control in the amateur leagues as well. After an intense study of steroid use and it’s affect on athletes, they â€Å"conclude that although the data suggests that well trained athletes may have a greater strength gain while taking anabolic steroid compared with placebos, the data are insufficient to allow any firm conclusion about the efficacy of anabolic steroids in enhancing overall athletic performance.† (Braunstein, et al. 392). These results indicate that by taking steroids, a professionally trained athlete such as Bonds may ha ve gained strength, but this would not have had any impact on other hitting factors such as swing, eye hand coordination or the ability to determine which pitches to swing at or not. In other words, an athlete must still have talent and ability to be successful. If these drugs do assist in this, the impact appears to be minimal. Additionally, according to Hartgens, most studies prove that steroid use alone does not increase strength. â€Å"Based on available well designed studies it can be concluded that the impact of enhance the effects of strength training.† (528). Therefore, the use of steroids does not eliminate the need for an athlete to train and certainly would not replace a lack of ability or talent. The talent of Barry Bonds should not be called into question. Though it might be argued any edge he received from these drugs might have been cheating, it should also be considered that Bonds was not alone in taking steroids. This does not validate usage of the drugs, but it does demonstrate that even if these drugs did give an athlete an edge, it is not much of an edge if many other players are taking these same substances. In one confidential survey and testimonial of former users and coaches â€Å"suggest that around 80-100 percent of national/international standard body builders , weightlifters and field athletes use anabolic steroids.† (Choi,349). Though the use of anonymous individuals might be suspect, it does indicate that the use of steroi

Understanding Slavery Essay Example for Free

Understanding Slavery Essay A poignantly moving tale of a woman’s courage and determination in the face of seemingly insurmountable odds, Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl undoubtedly serves as an inspiration for those who endeavor to rise beyond their initial station in life on the way to achieving one’s dreams. Though the author claims it to be a historical account, it could easily pass off for a work of fiction in the tradition of the historical novel – a romanticizing American life and history with its tale of noble suffering, heroic daring and unwavering zeal. Perhaps more significantly, its merit lies in offering the reader the painful truth of the slave experience through the eyes of an African-American slave girl. As Jacobs narrates, she was born a slave but she never knew it until six years of happy childhood had passed away (Jacobs, p. 1). Though they were all slaves in the family, she was so fondly shielded from that fact and they appear to have lived normal lives that she never dreamed she was â€Å"a piece of merchandise trusted to them for safe keeping, and liable to be demanded of them at any moment† (Jacobs, p. 1). That is, until her mother died and her life took a turn for the worse, experiencing first hand what it meant to be a slave in those days. Because of the way she was raised, it would appear that Linda Brent is exceptional for a woman of her social stature. Having received the rudiments of a basic education at the hands of her family’s original owners, she is clear thinking and possesses a keen intellect. Not surprisingly, she was able to transcend the limitations of race, class and gender and grasp the reality that women, regardless of color, race and stature, share the common experience of victimization at the hands of a male-dominated, patriarchal society. Moreover, by virtue of the loving relationships she had established early on with her family and immediate community, she is quite capable of empathy. Her initial understanding of the nature of slavery, though nonetheless negative, did not prevent her from maintaining a positive outlook towards life, notwithstanding her position in the social hierarchy. This however has been severely challenged throughout the years of her ordeal. Due to the many betrayals she had experienced in her lifetime, she learns to distrust people, and even though this is gradually tempered by the formation of positive relationships, she retains her hesitant, guarded approach to life. The book’s main strength lies in its rich narratives, the vivid portrayal of the female slave experience, and its use of the female point of view in the narration of her tale. In terms of limitations, the book would have problems in its illustration of the slave experience as representative of the larger Africa-America black community. Linda Brent and her family could be considered among the lucky few fate seemed to have favored among the millions more of their kind, who, though some might have endeavored to attain their freedom were faced with more dire, less relenting circumstances which made freedom remain a dream for them. A cursory glance at historical accounts of slavery would reveal that many have attempted to escape from their masters, with a considerable number dying in the attempt. In Jacobs’ particular tale, the experience of women in bondage is illuminated. Yet more than a narration of physical infliction of pain, torture and misery – the often-told tale of American slavery – what is striking is how she makes the reader comprehend that the most devastating blow endured and inflicted upon female slaves is that of the continuing existence of a system recognizing, even illicitly sanctioning concubinage and licentiousness among white males, the double standard of the times which make it doubly hard for women, most especially slaves, to live a decent, dignified existence wherein they could realize their true worth as individuals. For the slaves in America’s colonial past, every day was deplorable. Suffering in its various forms – physical, mental, emotional, psychological and spiritual – was common-day fare subject to the wiles and dispositions of their masters. For both men and women, manual labor, e. g. working the fields in the plantations of the South, was a large component of the day. As Jacobs (p. 12) illustrates: â€Å"On a farm, they work until the corn and cotton are laid. They then have two holidays. Some masters give them a good dinner under the trees. This over, they work until Christmas Eve. If no heavy charges are meantime brought against them, they are given four or five holidays, whichever the master or overseer may think proper. † For the women, this was often aggravated by (more often than not) unwarranted sexual advances, if not from their masters, the other male members of the household, or among fellow slaves. New Year’s Day was a terribly appalling affair, for hiring day at the South took place every first of January. To the slave mother, New Years Day comes laden with peculiar sorrows: â€Å"She sits on her cold cabin floor, watching the children who may all be torn from her the next morning; and often does she wish that she and they might die before the day dawns. She may be an ignorant creature, degraded by the system that has brutalized her from childhood; but she has a mothers instincts, and is capable of feeling a mothers agonies† (Jacobs, p. 13). Children born as slaves were sold off at the auction block, for they belonged to their master just as their parents did, for him to do with as he pleases. For is that not the nature of property? Slaves were treated as such, not regarded as human beings, but rather little more than animals to be set to labor upon the fields, to assist in the keeping of the household, to run errands and perform manual labor deemed unworthy of the white master’s unsoiled hands. Those same white hands were quick with the whip for every transgression committed by an erring slave, and a mouth which reserved the foulest of words to further degrade the slave and instill in his/her consciousness his/her lack of worth, how inferior and far beneath their master they were. The ensuing slave consciousness formed from this inhuman treatment, nourished throughout a life of bondage and suffering, is bitter and bleak, their minds ignorant and uncultured, deprived of the conditions which give human existence its dignity, the individual his self-worth (Fowler and Fowler, p. 2). Yet in this condition of bondage, in their shared experience of misery, pain and wretchedness, they became increasingly aware of their sorry plight, and learned to yearn for freedom (Genovese, p. 114). The first stirrings of rebelliousness began to beat in their hearts yearning for a life free from bondage and servitude. In this shared experience, the slave community developed a culture distinctly its own, reverberating with the influence of their African origins infused with their newfound material conditions in American soil. It is the experience of a particular slave girl by the name of Linda Brent which we shall explore in detail. Jacobs’ work, Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, utilizes the literary form of the slave narrative, a form of autobiography with a unique structure and distinctive themes tracing the narrator’s path form slavery to freedom. It traces the narrator’s journey from poverty to freedom as her determination to overcome societal and self-imposed limitations leads her on to prevail despite her harrowing circumstances. It is quite a moving and inspiring tale, and the author succeeds in painting a deft picture of the real-life suffering of men and women in bondage who were born, raised and died as slaves at the hands of their masters in the sprawling plantations of the South. Though the slave narrative is recognized as a powerful literary form with obvious merits as a tool for anti-slavery and human rights causes as it compellingly illustrates how individuals could rise above the depths of their despair and overcome seemingly impossible odds, it too has its flaws as a resource for fully understanding the complex institution of slavery. At one point, it perpetuates the myth that individuals can overcome established social structures and societal features disadvantageous to marginalized groups, e. g. racism against colored peoples, through sheer determination, will power, a never-say-die attitude, and a perpetually rosy outlook in life that things could only get better. In actual truth, for most slaves the matter of winning one’s freedom is a whole lot more complicated than what most narratives seem to suggest in their â€Å"success stories. † The abolition of slavery was not simply a case of dissolving a centuries-old institution due to the influence of writers who decided to go public with their personal accounts of the evils of slavery. In a way, the slave narrative is deceptive in its promise of deliverance (giving a sense of false hope) to blacks while reinforcing the notions of a superiority complex of whites over other colored peoples as they could always say that those who fail to break down society’s barriers, e. g. racial boundaries and the gap between rich and poor, to achieve success have only themselves to blame for their failures. It thus becomes a case of â€Å"If others can’t do it, why can’t I? † Yet the situation is inherently more complex than this. In analyzing slavery one has to consider the larger macro factors – economics, political institutions, cultural norms, ideology, etc. – as shaping the micro ones. That is, in the case of the slave narrative one needs to situate the personal accounts in the larger social context of the period, the interplay between the personal and the historical, personal troubles and public issues, the intertwining of biography and history. Moreover, one could also apply a feminist reading in Jacobs’ text for as Linda laments the birth of her daughter Ellen, she remarks how â€Å"†¦slavery is terrible for men; but it is far more terrible for women† (Jacobs, p. ). Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl illustrates how slavery proved to be a more wretched state for women who had to endure the same dehumanizing cruelty and brutality inflicted on men, as well as the torment of sexual abuse at the hands of their male masters and the anguish of being taken away from their children. Their pain and degradation were further compounded as they suffered being used as vessels of lust for their masters, breeding bastards to add to their master’s stock but denied a mother’s right to care for her children. The children born from such unions, Linda chillingly points out, was more often than not sold to protect the honor of the slave owner’s wife faced with the undeniable living testimony to her husband’s lust. Addressing the issue of human bondage from a woman’s perspective, Jacobs attempts to get through to her readers, particularly the women of the Northern states, to make them aware of their responsibility to make their voices heard in protesting against slavery for their silence would be in support of the perpetuation of slavery as an institution. Her tale emphasizes the struggle of a particular woman (herself) to protect her family, in the process learning to fight for her freedom to be an independent individual in control of her own life, and enticing her own family and community to join in the struggle for the emancipation and liberation of slaves. All said, in its own way Jacobs’ work has significantly contributed to the success of the movement to abolish slavery in the United States of America, and for that her efforts have been well-rewarded with the renewed scholarly interest in her work. Works Cited Andrews, William L. Classic African American Women’s Narratives. United Kingdom: Oxford University Press, 2003. Bell, Ella Louise. Myths, Stereotypes and Realities of Black Women. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, Vol. 40, No. 2, 146-159, 2004. Fowler, Lois J. and David H. Fowler, eds. Revelations of Self: American Women in Autobiography. New York: SUNY Press. Gates, Henry Louis Jr. The Classic Slave Narratives. Signet Classic, 2003. Genovese, Eugee. Roll, Jordan, Roll: The World the Slaves Made. New York: Pantheon Press, 1974. Gronniosaw, James Albert, Olaudah Equiano, Nat Turner, Frederick Douglass, William W. Brown, Henry Bibb, Sojourner Truth, William and Ellen Craft, Harriet A. Jacobs and Jacob Green. Slave Narratives. Library of America, 2002. Jacobs, Harriet Ann. Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl. United Kingdom: Oxford University Press, 1988. Mccaskill, Barbara. â€Å"Yours very truly: Ellen Craft – the fugitive as Text and Artifact. † African American Review, Vol. 28, 1994. Randle, Gloria T. â€Å"Between the Rock and the Hard Place: Mediating spaces in Harriet Jacobs’ Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl. † African America Review, Vol. 33, 1999. Yetman, Norman R. ed. Voices from Slavery: 100 Authentic Slave Narratives. Courier Dover Publications

The Basic Concept Of Materials Management Construction Essay

The Basic Concept Of Materials Management Construction Essay The basic concept of materials management or MM is that the system can helps to reduce cost and delays on site where the work is performed due to the poor performance done by the management teams on how to handle different materials at the right quantity, source and time. Materials management also can be defined as a process where it shows how the building was designed and materials are estimated. From the initial phase of planning until the completion phase that is waste management, the materials management will need to be efficient in order to avoid any delay and extra cost. Materials can be in the forms of raw materials, components, consumables, capital goods, spares, furniture and etc. In the management teams has to have a Project Manager to lead and responsible for the teams. Then come in a Planning Engineer and Material Engineer to prepare a material schedule, list out materials that need to be order, monitoring and control of materials consumption used at projects and etc. Cho osing of right sources especially nature materials like aggregates and stones will be the job of Quality Control Engineer. He also needs to be in charge of sampling and testing materials that are received on site accordance to the given specification. Lastly, will be the Store Manager duty to follow up with the vendors, receiving and issuing the right materials and etc. The example case study of MM can be seen on the following scenario. AlmatabSdn.Bhd. is carrying out a housing project which is semi-detached houses and double storey terrace in Johor. The construction site layout has been prepared as shown in Figure 1 which illustrates the layout equipment, building materials and access roads for the erection of the building. As a new site manager, you are requested to study the site management to be applied for the project and give some comments and advices on the layout. 2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 What is Materials Management? There are different definitions that are provided by different researcher/author for materials management throughout the years. Ballot (1971) defines materials management as the process of planning, acquiring, storing, moving, and controlling materials to effectively use facilities, personnel, resources and capital. Tersine and Campbell (1977) stated that materials management as a process that provide the right materials at the right place at the right time in order to maintain a desired level of production at minimum cost. Beekman-Love (1978) indicates that a materials management structure should be organized in such a way that it allows for integral planning and coordination of the flow of materials, in order to use the resources in an optimal way and to minimize costs. Chandler (1978) explain that materials management systems should be implemented to plan, order, and check deliveries, warehousing, controlling the use of materials, and paying for materials. Ammer (1980) defines materials management as the process in which a company acquires the materials that it needs to achieve their objectives. Bailey and Farmer (1982) define materials management as a concept concerned with the management of materials until the materials have been used and converted into final product. Gossom (1983) indicates that a materials management system should have standard procedures for planning, expediting, transportation, receipt and storage to ensure an efficient system for materials control.Cavinato (1984) stated that materials management involves in the control of the flow of goods in a firm. It is the combination of purchasing with production, distribution, marketing and finance. Arnold (1991) defines that materials management is a function responsible for planning and controlling of materials flow. 2.2 Scope of Materials Management 1. Material Planning and Controlling This function is based on the sales forecast and the production plans of a company. The activities of the function are: Estimation of materials requirements. Preparation of materials budget of the company. Estimating the levels of inventories required in the company. Scheduling the orders placed with the suppliers to ensure availability of material. Controlling by monitoring of production sales. 2. Purchasing The purchasing is one of the major functions for materials management. This function contains the following activities: Identification and selection of possible suppliers. Finalizing the terms and references of purchases that are to be made. Placing the purchase orders this activity may be staggered as per the inventory control function. Managing the purchase orders till delivery of materials. Giving clearance to payment of received good Analyzing the performance of the suppliers and rating them. 3. Stores and Inventory Control This function helps in physical control of materials. It has the following list of activities: Minimization of material losses due to obsolescence and handling. This activity controls the timely disposal and efficient handling of materials. Maintenance of stores records along with proper location and stocking of materials. Physical verification of stocks and reconciling. 2.3 Phases of Materials Management Process Bidding Phase The contractor identifies the materials needed as well as any special requirements or special materials to be used in the project. Quantities needed are estimated and a bid package is put together and submitted. Sourcing Phase This phase involve inselection of thereputable suppliers and manufactures. The selection of suppliers is critical and the performance of a supplier can decide between a successful project and a project full of delays. Therefore, the contractor needs to verify that the supplier is capable of delivering the right material. Material Procurement The generation of a material requisition schedule. Once a material requisition schedule is in place, individual requisitions are generated from the construction site by either the foreman or the project manager. When a release form is generated, suppliers are contacted for procuring the material needed. The type of material needed, quantities, time when the material is needed and delivery location are specified to the supplier. Construction Phase This phase involves in receiving, storing and distributing the material on site. The receiving process involves inspection of the material when it is received to verify that the type of material delivered is the one ordered, qualities received against quantities ordered and quality of the delivered material. Post- Construction Phase After the installation of the materials in place, the EC has to manage any surplus material. The surplus is handled differently depending on the type of material and also whether or not the contractor has a warehouse. If the company has a warehouse, the surplus material is stored in the warehouse for use in the future projects. 2.4 Classification of Materials Raw materials: Example; plastic granules. Purchase components Work- in- progress Finished goods Spares Consumables: Examples; Coal, paints, mineral oil,etc. Machinery and equipment: Examples; lathe machines, electric motors, etc. Inflammables: Examples; petrol, kerosene, etc. Chemicals: Examples; carbides acids and nitrous gases. Furniture: Examples; chairs, tables, etc. Scrap materials: Examples; waste materials. Packaging materials: Examples; boxes, bottles, wax and grease, etc. Fuel stock: Example; coal, etc. General stores: Examples; soap, brooms, stationary, etc. 2.5 Participants in Materials Management 1. Pre construction Phase Architect Need to designs for best use of standard sizes, for multiple applications and for their recyclability. Engineer Ensures appropriate structural component dimensions, quality and spacing for use of standard fasteners and materials for multiple applications and recyclability. Estimator Use the latest materials takeoff technologies and exercises accuracy in estimates. Purchaser Has to plans purchases and deliveries in order to reduce surplus and to balance materials maintenance during on-site storage versus transportation energy consumption. Construction Site Phase Site Construction Management Applies the materials management plan to the site and oversees its implementation. Site Materials Manager Keeps track of new materials, cuts and used materials, organizes and stores them for availability in accordance. Subcontract Management Need to communicate with site management and Materials Manager regarding the types of materials that able to use for various purposes. Trade Workers Use materials properly, store new materials properly, handle and cut them carefully for maximum use or minimum waste. 3 Off-site Phase Suppliers Use recyclable packaging and returnable containers and pallets, and accept the returned containers and pallets or informs the site of others who will accept them. Recyclers Haulers Provide containers for convenient materials storage and retrieval if appropriate. Instruct the site personnel in separation and quality requirements. 2.6 Advantages of Materials Management An effective material management system can bring many benefits for a company. Better accountability on part of materials as well as other departments as no one can shift blame to others. Generally materials management is handled by single authority, it can result a better coordination, as it becomes the central point for any materials related problems. Materials management department make sure that better quality material is supplied on time to the requesting departments. This can result in better performance of the company. A materials management system is typically controlled through an information system, thus can help in taking decision related to material in the company. One indirect advantage of material management is that good quality material develops the ethical and moral standard in the company. 2.7 Challenge of Handling Material (supplier relationship) It is almost impossible to maintain a good relationship with the suppliers during construction as there will always be a barrier between the buyer and suppliers. A good relationship with suppliers is important for the materials management process as it will make sure that schedule is on time. This is how the management teams can do to improve the relationship with the suppliers. Courtesy Courtesy and promptness should be shown to the suppliers representatives whenever they visit the buyers office. Even if they visit without prior notices, they should be treated nicely and perhaps could probably request to call again at other time. Disclosure When sending out enquiries, full details of the required materials, delivery time, and etc., should be given to avoid unnecessary correspondence and clarification. Impartiality Strict impartiality should be observed in according orders and all unfair practices should be avoided. Lead time Adequate time should be given to the suppliers to affect deliveries and rush orders should be kept to the minimum. Reports in delay in delivery and unsatisfactory quality should be politely convey on no account rude letters should be sent or discourteous words spoken from the buyers side. Mutual understanding It also an advantages to be aware of suppliers manufacturing problems and raw materials difficulties and to extend help to resolve them if possible. Payment The buyer should ensure that payment of suppliers bills is not unduly delayed. Personal visit Occasional visit to the suppliers plant often contribute to better understanding between the buyer and supplier. Good relationship often brings benefits for both parties. 2.8 Problems of Materials Management on Site Materials management can be divided into five categories: The measurement and specification; The procurement and purchasing process where the order is transmitted to thesupplier; Delivery to site and logistics of checking the order, off loading, and storing onsite; The administrative and financial process of payment; Using the materials in production on the job site and removing the waste. Some common problems on construction site are more obvious which are namely: Failure to order on time which delays the projects; Delivery at the wrong time which interrupts the work schedule; Over ordering; Wrong materials or error in direction of materials requiring re-work; Theft of materials from delivery into production; Double handling of materials because of inadequate material. 2.9 Importance of Materials Management Materials constitute the biggest single element of cost. Generally more half the cost of any production system is due to materials alone. Therefore reduced materials cost is vital for improved productivity. Non-availability of materials are resource input leads to production shut down, project delays etc. hence timely availability of material is vital for production efficiency. Below is the list of the importance of materials management. Lower prices for material and equipment. Faster inventory turnover. Continuity of supply Reduced lead time Reduced transportation cost. Less duplication of efforts. Elimination of bulk- passing. Reduced materials obsolescence. Improved supplier relationship and better records and information. Better inter-department cooperation. Personnel development. 3.0 COMPARISON OF INFORMATION (CASE STUDY) Temporary Road Materials Figure 1: Existing Site Layout Double Storey Terrace Reinforcement Temporary building Waste materials Store Scaffold store Materials Store Semi-detached houses Timber Access Concrete batching plant 3.1 Evaluation of Existing Site Layout Site entrance and exit If the site entrance and exit is not place properly then it will causes confuses to the contractor, visitors, workers and supplier that deliver materials as they will simply use an open road to enter or exit and maybe can make the site more pack with vehicles. Security hut The security hut is important to put in the site layout as it can help to keep the site safe from intruder that want to steal the materials or equipment and also to keep outsider from trespass the construction site. Materials The materials name is not specified.The materials are being cramp in one place. This will lead to a delay in the schedule as the materials are not placed properly and label according to their classification. Water and power supply A construction site cannot be operate if there is no water and power supply as those supplies are indeed for sanitary purpose and lighting in the jobsite. Canteen It really unreasonable for the canteen to be left out or not included in the site layout as it provides a place to eat and rest for the workers and contractor. Site office The location of the site office must be free from those storage of materials as it can lead to noise pollution or hazardous to the worker that work inside an office for all day long. Car park A place for car park is important as it needed for the contractor or visitors to park their car in a safe place compare than just simply park beside a dangerous jobsite. Water Drainage / Sewer line Water drainage or sewer line must be included in the site layout as it will be a big help for sanitary purpose and for clean up the waste after the works is completed. Problems of Poor Planning Site Layout 1. Wrongly located the materials. Materials cannot be placed too far from work area or stocked over a drainage line. Their delivery was wrongly phased and not needed until much later. 2. Wrongly located the plants and equipment. Storage for aggregates such as lime stones, stones and fine sands are not sufficient on site. Plants such as fixed cranes are unable to reach all parts of the works if wrongly placed on the jobsite. 3. Insufficient space in the site. Materials may be stacked on roadways that can cause hazards during construction period. Working areas become too cramped with the poor planning of site layout. 4. Wrongly located the site office. Site office that located near noisy activities such as mixer or too near the roads and it can cause disturbance to the people that working inside the office. 5. Poor communication Communication is one of the key for a successful materials management on site as it can help to give correct information about materials. Relationships between suppliers also need to be fixed as it can give benefit to the management teams. 6. Poor security Security in construction site is important as to protect the materials and plant on the site from theft and malicious damage. It also can ensure that the public are stop from trespassing to the site and thus endangering their safety. 7. Temporary weather protection Canteen Water Supply Scaffold Store Site OfficeProtections are including the workers, materials, building work and equipment during construction work. Materials that are delivered to site must be placed in a correct position for weather protection. Example: brickwork needs protection from rain. T T Cement Store Site Exit Site Entrance Equipment Storage Steel Storage S.H S.H Reinforcement Timber Waste Materials Aggregate Storage Power Supply Line Sewer Access Temporary Road Concrete batching plant Semi-detached houses Double Storey Terrace Figure 2: Improved Site Layout 3.3 Suggested improved Site Layout Security hut There are two security huts in the layout. Security is need to be enforce on the site as it will help to prevent any intruder that come to steal materials and outsider that enter site without permission. Site entrance and exit Site entrance and exit is located easily as it near the security hut.They are placed in place where it will be easier for the vehicles to move in or out without giving any disturbance to others. Site office and car park The site office has been located near the site entrance. The reason was simple as the location is far from any hazardous that can harm the health of the contractors staff or visitors.Car park also is placed near office for connivance purpose. Materials labels and storage All the materials have been specified and located accordingly as it make the finding process of the materials easier and can prevent any delay in the schedule of materials management. Canteen A place that is needed for the workers to eat and rest as this also can help them to gain more energy and perform better after a hard work in the jobsite. Water and power supply This is because the site must have clean water for sanitary purpose while the power supply is to give electric power for lighting and equipment purpose. Concrete Batching Plant and Waste Materials Concrete batching plant has been moved near the site exit as it will be easier for the aggregates and cement storage to place beside it. While the location of waste materials must be considering the safety of the workers and can be avoided by placing at the back of the layout. Line Sewer The line sewer is one of the important items in a layout and is added for drainage and waste purpose. 4.0 RECOMMENDATION 4.1 Elements of Materials Management on site Safety Fire prevention: Fire is a major cause of damage on construction site. Medical services: On construction project a first aid kit is a must. Construction safety clothing: Basic safety supplies like safety shoes, hard hats, gloves and goggles must be used by workers. Delivery access The access need to be available from time to time as any particular materials may be need to use for the work that on process. Material storage The location and sizes of space for any particular material need to be consider by calculating the area required and relevant factors before selecting a suitable area as the storage. Access roads Although there is no structure was constructed as temporary road, an access must be provided on site. Material handling and lifting equipment The use of proper equipment for material handling can result a direct cost and time savings. Personnel movement on the work area There must be a sufficient space allow in the work area so that the job site wont be too cramp for any movement. Temporary facilities related to project requirements After selecting the temporary facilities that are needed on site, the size required for them must be estimated. 5.0 CONCLUSION Based on the case study, wecan conclude that it is important to apply a proper material management system to the construction site as it can properly organize the materials, equipment and plan on site.TheProject Manager has to take lead by enforcing his/her power to monitor materials schedule on all projects. The management teams have to keep trying to use various materials management technique on construction projects as it progress. Relationships with the supplier also need to be fixed as it can affect the overall process of materials management. The site must have a good security in day and night to ensure that the materials are protected from theft or pilfering. The surplus materials also need to be taken in consideration as all projects can expect a certain amount of surplus and it has to be well conceived and executed. Any wastes materials that are produced during the construction also need to be disposing properly avoid any hazard that can causes health problem to the environm ent. This is because a good planning of materials management can help to avoid any delays of works on site and reduce any extra cost for a project. Although the materials management scope stated everything that is needed to be achieved for a project but in reality problems still occur till today as lack of project information given to the management during the construction period. Most of the management teams of projects tried hard to satisfy with the needs of construction and yet still achieved poor results in return. Even if the materials management process is practiced for every construction project, it still has many flaws that have to be improved.Importance rule that must be kept in mind is that: your results are directly shown due to how much effort that you pour for it.Therefore, every participants or team members of project need to play their role accordingly as it takes more than a single person responsibility to make it possibly successful in the future.

The Social Convention Of Death In Literature :: essays research papers fc

Our environment dictates how we live our lives and how we handle situations. Our environment also dictates how the people around us handle our death. Death is one important social convention of a society depicted in The Call of the Wild, Garden Party, the Great Gatsby, Bone, and Dulce Et Decorum Est. Death and the handling of death is a social convention portraying values and ways of living in two main ways: â€Å"respect† of the body and acceptable manners to die such as through violence, illness, caring, etc. In the Call of the Wild, by Jack London, death is a game where survival is a tactic, kill or be killed (manner of death) and the body is a trophy (â€Å"respect† for the body). For example, â€Å"He [Buck] was ranging at the head of the pack, running the wild thing down, the living meat, to kill with his own teeth and wash his muzzle to the eyes in warm blood.† (London 49). This game Buck played with the other dogs was a challenge of who will catch the snowshoe rabbit. It shows a twisted regard for life. Buck wanted to wash his nose in the rabbit’s blood to smell the kill. In this game, the only respect for life is the trophy that the body will make in death. Another example of the game is â€Å"From then on, night and day, Buck never left his prey, never gave it a moment’s rest, never permitted it to browse the leaves of trees†¦ Nor did he give the wounded bull opportunity to slake his burning thirst in the slender trickling stream they crossed.â₠¬  (London 95). Buck played with the bull’s fear and he showed no mercy. He showed no respect, he gave the bull no honor and the bull finally died of exhaustion, falling over, only to become Buck’s prize that also fed him. â€Å"For a day and a night he remained by the kill [moose], eating and sleeping, turn and turn about. Then rested, refreshed and strong,† (London 96). Buck nourished himself off the bull and became stronger and more resilient. To eat Buck must hunt his food in the uncaring wild, it was his only choice for survival. The game that Buck played with life did not always give respect to the dying, though this seemed necessary to his survival, giving the deaths more acceptability as a source to nourish the winner of the game.

The Fragile Being Essay -- Developing Countries, Inadequate Access to

Women and men deserve equitable opportunities to achieve a reasonable standard of a healthy living. However, in developing countries, the interplay of various economic, social, cultural and biological factors render women underprivileged to attain their rights to decent nutrition, health care services and health information. Nevertheless, some issues affecting women’s health are shared, in part, by the opposite gender. Inadequate access to nutritious food, and the resulting malnutrition, is perhaps the greatest dilemma for the health of women in developing countries. Indeed, undernutrition is the leading risk factor of under-five mortality in girls, accounting for around seven deaths per thousand children in low- and middle-income countries [1]. Rising food prices, climate change, wars and conflict have caused unprecedented food insecurity in various parts of the developing world [2]. It has been estimated that nearly 20% of the population of developing countries is affected by chronic food deficit [3]. The Global Hunger Index reports that 969 million people live on less than US $ 1 per day, and that 923 million people go hungry everyday [2]. Though malnutrition is a concern for both sexes, women are more vulnerable due to gender-based inequitable access to food [1]. Women are also more likely to suffer the repercussions of food insecurity because of their biological roles during pregnancy and lac tation and the resultant increase in nutritional demands. In pregnant women, malnutrition stunts the immune system and homeostatic mechanisms of the body, leaving them vulnerable to developing infections and maternal complications such as miscarriage and obstructed labor, besides increasing the risk of maternal mortality [4]. Cont... ...throughout the ages, neglect of their health needs and concerns has caused them to endure immense suffering. Further, the health of women is closely intertwined to the well-being of the next generation of children. Malnourished women are likely to have poor birth outcomes, in particular, intra-uterine growth retardation, preterm birth and infants with low birth weight [4,12]. Such infants also have a higher neonatal and infant mortality compared to those born to healthy mothers [4]. The issue of women’s health thus has an enormous impact on the society as a whole and needs to be addressed as a priority. To what extent this issue has actually been prioritized, remains a question unanswered. Women deserve to be afforded treatment at par with their male counterparts to safeguard their fragile existence, and to give them a just opportunity to excel in their abilities.

How Actors Contribute to Film Essay

The very goal and essence of acting is to represent a certain character or figure and portray his or her ideas and personality. The goal of acting is to be another person entirely and play their character and their life as if they were your own. It is a beautiful art form and its target is to make the writer’s characters and story come to life. The skills, dexterity and prowess needed in order to fulfill such goals are, certainly, determination, as needed in the hearts of all people who are striving to achieve their dreams. It may not be considered as a skill but it is truly and absolutely a mandatory quality in every dreamy person. One also needs creativity and uniqueness in order to make the film’s â€Å"dramatis personae† come to life and be a real living and breathing person in the eyes of the audience. Also, for the role of the actor to come alive, the actor would need to be in possession of a strong power of influence and, in a way, control and manipulation for the reason that their acting needs to be fantastically believable and have a sense and aura of reality. This quality of believability will strike the audience and will cause a conflict in his or her mind, which would be sinking into the fantasy of the film and holding onto the reality of the world. You will need to be extremely professional and comfortable in front of the camera in order to lose the audience in the story and cast. These are only some of the many skills you will need in order to perform with beautiful finesse and accomplish the very purpose of acting. An actor who executes his job well, complete with panache, professionalism, believability, creativity, humility to accept the words of fellow actors or the director himself, and so much more are marks of good actors. They have to attain the goals of an actor and they have to know how to get into complete character. They have to know how to improve on themselves and make it their objective to reach out to their audience and convey their emotion and influence them to their advantage. As the audience, I would know good acting if I truly feel and believe in the words and actions of the actor. On the other hand, a bad actor is, naturally, the opposite. He is not professional in what he does and does not communicate enough feeling through his acting. The audience would not feel any passion from the actor and the actor does not achieve the exact impact he expected from the audience. The director is the individual who confronts the actor’s wrongdoings, suggests particular improvements, helps the actor understand his role and he is the one who directs the flow of the film, itself. He is a very vital part of the film industry. Since he knows the story and the cast very well, the director’s influence on an actor’s performance is crucial. The director has to know how to take charge and should know what to expect of his actors. He has to be a good communicator because if the actor misunderstands his words, it will absolutely affect the film development process. The actor should know how to follow his director but at the same times, they should have the respect due each other and the actor should know when he should speak up about certain topics. He should also regard the director as his mentor and so I believe the director’s influence may deeply affect the performance of the actor and the director’s words will surely be embedded in his mind. Since he is one of he heads of the film development process, the actor would know that the director knows best and so the effect and impact of the words of the director will affect the performance of an actor. Negative or negatively said words may offend the actor or it may even be taken constructively. Positive or even positively said negative words, may affect the actor more successfully because it will raise the actor’s confidence. Directors, though, should not control the every movement of an actor because he should allow a space for creative freedom, which actors are definitely entitled to. Actors should have creative freedom so that it will practice the mind of the actor to generate more creative, original and spontaneous ideas. Also, in order to make their own individual mark on the film and they will, somehow, feel more accredited for the film because they have contributed their own approaches in their acting. This will also help the director and ease his burdens of continuously managing the actor’s movements. Creative freedom is essential. But, it should not be used abusively liberal. The actor should give space for the director’s words as the director gave space for the actor’s creative freedom. Te film industry makes stories in order to influence or inspire their audience, let them enjoy books or lives of people in a more animated and different light and perspective, make them laugh, smile, inspirit or galvanize them, even for simply a moment. They could even be making these films because it is their most efficient or only outlet of their emotions. There are many reasons for creating films and creating stories because people have different minds and have different ways of thinking. We watch such films because we, as humans, are inclined to become very curious and become interested in many things. We may also sometimes, subconsciously, yearn for a better life and so we watch the movies that portray those with better lives that we want, movies with people with worse lives that will make us appreciate our present life or even some sort of nonsensical farce or slapstick comedy and that will make us laugh and lift our spirits. We also, may have different reasons of watching films that range from just wanting to have a get-together with friends or it is your way of cheering yourself up. Films are a very big part of our world’s culture because they can poison your mind and offend people or it can also make you laugh, inspire others and change people for the better and make you make a change and a difference.