Discuss the view presented by Nasim and Sushil (2011) that managing Essay

Discuss the view presented by Nasim and Sushil (2011) that managing change invariably involves managing paradoxes and in partic - Essay Example This view of organisation change’s reality indicates a postmodernist oncology, where change remains fluid and elusive. As a result, to understand it demands acknowledging and accepting its dynamic, fluid nature. Managing changes requires managing paradoxes through a postmodernist ontology with postconstructivist epistemology because of the existence of diverse types of changes, resistance to changes, and narratives for attaining individual and organisational changes. The paradox of change lies in the postmodernist ontology with postconstructivist epistemology. Postmodernist thinking on the study of being views reality as a combination of different ways of seeing. The study of organisational changes has intersected various concepts from diverse fields, such as child development and evolutionary biology, and yet not many scholars have integrated them in a systematic manner (van de Ven and Poole, 1995: 510). Poggie (1965: 284) remarks on the paradox of knowing reality: â€Å"A w ay of seeing is a way of not seeing.† One epistemological view of reality is one way of not seeing reality through another perspective. van de Ven and Poole (1995: 511) urge for an interdisciplinary approach to seeing the reality of organisational change: â€Å"It is the interplay between different perspectives that helps one gain a more comprehensive understanding of organisational life, because any one theoretical perspective invariably offers only a partial account of a complex phenomenon.† They promote a postmodernist view of seeing and knowing the reality of organisational change because it enriches its understanding. Furthermore, the paradox-of-change approach uses postconstructivist epistemology using competing theories to explore and to illustrate it. van de Ven and Poole (1995) offer a typology of process theories that examine how and why change happens in social or biological units. These are life cycle, teleological, dialectical and evolutionary process theor ies. These four theories stand for essentially different event chains and generative components that they called â€Å"motors† to depict the processes and causes of changes (van de Ven and Poole, 1995: 511). van de Ven and Poole (1995) stress that organisational change do not neatly fit only one of these process theories because some conditions can stimulate interdependent changes across different organisational elements. They stress the complexity of changes: â€Å"Even though each of these types has its own internal logic, complexity and the potential for theoretical confusion arise from the interplay among different motors† (van de Ven and Poole, 1995: 534). The paradox of changes arises from the reality of spontaneous effects of changes, anticipated or otherwise. Sturdy and Grey (2003) criticise the one-sided view of organisational change management (OCM) discourses that emphasise stability over changes. They offer different views of changes using discourse analysi s. They conclude the need for using different lenses in understanding changes and in attaining effective changes. Hence, this essay finds it useful to see changes from a postmodernist view of organisational reality and knowledge. The paradox of change and continuity affects different kinds and stages of changes. Managing changes in different types of changes require balancing change and continuity. Nadler and Tushman (1989) examined diverse large-scale organisational changes and provided several insights and generalisations. They reviewed

Internet Privacy and Consumer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Internet Privacy and Consumer - Essay Example Apart from this, with the growth of online technology, companies can now monitor every move of a consumer once the consumer is on the website. Though internet privacy is a major concern to many consumers today, data collection is considered a benefit by online companies. Many consumers are concerned that their personal information is accessed and monitored by different companies. According a poll released by the Consumer Reports National Research Center, 72 percent are concerned that their online behaviors were being tracked and profiled by companies, while 82 percent of consumers are concerned about their credit card numbers being stolen online. A vast majority of consumer want to have control over what information is being monitored by Internet companies and want to have more control on their private information. of information is being monitored. Many companies argue that using data-monitoring and data tracking software is useful in building better products for the consumers. "The definition of the Internet as fully public rather than semiprivate is an important distinction to make since legal opinion tends to be built on the reasonable expectations that individuals have about how their information will be handled" (Cronin 4). Internet privacy is a big concern these days though consumers have had issues with privacy long bef

Advanced Nursing Skills - Group Process and Therapy Essay - 1

Advanced Nursing Skills - Group Process and Therapy - Essay Example it is imperative that nurses assume the role of nurse therapists and offer group therapies to the needy patients making use of their theoretical insights in group process and group dynamics. However, it is important that the group members are selected after careful screening so that the group leader (therapist or counselor) can address the psychiatric problems of group members who share certain common problems. Group therapy is aimed at offering empathy and support to all the group members by creating an atmosphere of trust that leads to sharing and exploring of each one’s concerns (Corey, 2008, p. 4). The skills of the group members are strengthened in group therapy with a view to enabling them to face future problems of similar nature. The scope of group therapy in mental healthcare setting is greater as this would enable a psychiatric patient to correct emotional and behavioral disorders that impede one’s functioning or to remediate in-depth psychological problemsâ⠂¬  (Corey, 2008, p. 7). However, it is essential that the group therapists guard themselves against any sorts of cultural or racial stereotyping and cultural encapsulation within a multicultural group setting. As pointed out by Corey (2008, p. 4), group therapies and counseling have â€Å"preventive as well as remedial aims.† However, one needs to differentiate between counseling groups and therapy groups. Group counseling is often problem oriented and addresses a specific educational, vocational, social, or personal issue. Similarly, group counseling is â€Å"growth oriented in that the emphasis is on discovering internal resources of strength† to face situational crises, temporary conflicts, or self-defeating behaviors (Corey, 2008, p. 4). On the other hand, interpersonal relationships are very much significant in group therapies and as such, these therapies stress the thoughts, feelings and behavior patterns of the participants as well. In this respect, Corey (2008, p. 7) observes that

Compare and Contrast the Emergent and Intended Approach to Strategic Literature review

Compare and Contrast the Emergent and Intended Approach to Strategic - Literature review Example The authors have been carrying out research for over ten years on the topic and the intended audiences are the entrepreneurs and organization leadership. The topic has meet my expectations because it compares and contrast the intended strategy together with realized strategy in a diagram form, hence distinguishing deliberate strategies realized as intended from emergent strategies patterns realized in spite of intentions. The special features of the work that were helpful was the identification of different types of strategies and everyone embodying different degrees of what is called deliberateness. The authors are of high integrity; Henry Mintzber is heading the faculty of management at McGill University while James Waters is a lecture at York University in the faculty of administration studies. The authors concluded that strategies are tending towards being more deliberate in tightly coupled, centrally controlled institutions and more emergent in decentralized loosely coupled ones . According to my conclusion, strategy formation walks in two forms, deliberate and emergent.... since it contain the information on the school design context and contribution, four strategic management conditions that encourage an institution to move towards design school are explained. The helpful work was in the explanation of premises underlying the school of design since each premise explains the process of strategy formation. Mintzber who is the author is a man of high integrity and he is heading the faculty of management at McGill University. The authors concluded that the school has provided significant information on the discussion of grand strategy and it has given the notion that underlies all prescription in the field of management. I concluded that there is concurrence between external opportunity and internal capability in the field of strategic management. Ansoff, H., (1991). Critique of Henry Mintzberg's 'the design school: reconsidering the basic Premises of strategic management,' Strategic Management Journal, Vol.12 (6), PP.449-461 The main focus of this articl e is to critique the work done by Mintzberg's (1990) on design school of emerging strategic management. The design is evaluated using two criteria’s, methodological soundness and factual veracity, after the evaluation, it was found that the critique has deficiency by both methods. The problem of Mintzberg's work is associated with lack of logics in his presentation, his definition on strategy differs from the current practice in management and he failed to differentiate prescriptive and descriptive statement. In this critique, the author emphasis on methodological deficiencies and factual contradictions between Mintzberg's and real world of strategic management. Full description of Mintzberg's model was presented by the author and he found some valid contexts in Mintzberg's work. These

VA Tech Shooting - Cho Seung-Hui Research Paper

VA Tech Shooting - Cho Seung-Hui - Research Paper Example Cho was able to buy these weapons despite the psychological problem he was afflicted with and that was in the records. At around 7:15 AM he killed two students. He sent some videos to NBC News proclaiming himself to be Jesus Christ and revealing his contempt towards the wealthy students and â€Å"deceitful charlatans† (Hagan, 2010, p. 212). After two hours he entered a classroom, shut the main entrance doors and resumed to murder several students and faculty at large in 170 rounds. He had already used 174 bullets and 203 live cartridges were recovered. Several students and professors acted bravely and managed to escape and also save some others. If police had not arrived on time, further killings would have occurred. The following report will analyze the various aspects of the massacre and especially the accused along with the action taken by the VPI Campus Police Department. An analysis of behavioral theory about Seung-Hui Cho would have led to an early identification of this negativity in the student and perhaps could have prevented the massacre. Cho’s behavior can be analyzed with the help of Trait Theory, especially Psychodynamic Trait Theory proposed by the Italian criminologist Cesare Lombroso. The theory asserts that criminality is a result of abnormal biological or psychological characteristics. Biological this might be explained as follows: â€Å"Chemical and mineral imbalance leads to cognitive and learning deficits†¦and these factors in turn are associated with antisocial behavior† (Schechter, 2003, p. 100). Psychological Freud has put forward a theory, which has become significant with time. According to Freud, â€Å"â€Å"[the] residue of the most significant emotional attachments of our childhood, which then guides our future interpersonal relationships† (Siegel, 2005, p. 111). This theory comprises of three components – id, ego and super ego. The id dominates one’s basic needs like sleep, food habits,

Pop Cultures Significance In Modern Society Essay

Pop Cultures Significance In Modern Society - Essay Example Pop culture is significant in the lives of human beings as it is a reflection of what matters to people, letting them express and validate the spirit of their epoch. Popular culture enhances young people’s understanding of helping them participate in the representations that aid in constructing their identities. This is a popular food chain in America that has a distinct icon that represents all the foods available in all their joints across America. American pop culture icons such as that one of burger king have been well received across different nations around the world even in the predominantly Muslim countries such as Saudi Arabia (Kamalipour, 21). Burger king produces different kinds of foods with meat as Americans prefer it, it is a first food joint and the food is produced quickly and mostly to go. This can be interpreted to mean that Americans prefer food that is quickly prepared to save time. One can assert that it is due to their hard working nature and effort to save time. These joints are quite popular in America and the icon can be seen on many other products such as t-shirts, caps or bags. This icon is quite popular such that it has been adopted in Islamic countries but with a slight twist to the name and a bit of change in the appearance. This shows that even in conservative Muslim countries such as Saudi Arabia, people are in tandem with the rest of the world due to globalization brought about by technology (Kamalipour, 25). The Icon, therefore, has led to the popularity of such food a joint which has been cited as a lucrative business venture. It is slightly different however since unlike in America, all the meat is Halal and is handled and prepared as per the Islamic dietary rules. This shows the value of Islamic culture. In addition, most of the women working behind the counter wear headscarves or hijabs.

Early Childhood Development Management Essay Example for Free

Early Childhood Development Management Essay Early Childhood Development (ECD) is a holistic, integrated, inclusive approach to Programming, research and policy for young children up to 6 years of age and requires a healthy, safe and nurturing environment that includes opportunities to support the emotional, social, physical, cognitive, and spiritual aspects of children within the context of their community. It welcomes their participation and empowers them as a basis for their future. (â€Å"National Economic Development and Law Center†). Today’s early childhood educators face management and strategic challenges in an increasingly turbulent environment; rapid growth demands increased managerial proficiency. In order to meet these critical challenges, agency leaders must develop entrepreneurial competencies and a firm understanding of core management theories and principles. At times, even the most successful organizations need to redefine business goals and create innovative strategies to excel at a new level. This paper will address the key issues of financial management in an ECD center. Financial management of a school entails School financial analysis and reports, finance policy and procedures, finance resources, school funding, High Yield Investment Accounts, worksheets, taxation and schools education and training funding. (Grossman and Keyes, 231). Finance resources and school funding From National Economic Development and Law Center For the market feasibility analysis for income generation, the financial administrator need to assess what works most effectively for a particular area and the families being targeted. An advertising budget is Set-aside with determination on how to get the most out. A strong market feasibility analysis for a facility development project would prove that there are enough resources. According to (name of first ECD center) there is market demand for child care at rates sufficient to generate revenues to cover not only operating expenses, but also debt service on any loans incurred to develop the facility. Financial feasibility analysis assesses key areas concern with the day care; mainly the number of other child care programs (both center and family based) that already exist in the community; The number of child care spaces already provided in the area; The vacancy rate of other programs in the area; The average cost of care got by contacting and visiting existing providers to find out about their vacancy rates and the kinds of services they offer; The length of current waiting lists that other market-area child care programs currently have; (For existing programs) the length of the business’ waiting list; Age groups that are being served (infants, toddlers, preschoolers, school-age, or a Combination) or that are NOT being served by other programs; Locations of existing child care businesses in your vicinity; The services your proposed business or expansion can provide that other child care providers are not offering, and Types of services offered by existing child care busine sses. (Name of the second center) School financial analysis and reports The administrator describes how the funds being requested will be used. These expenditures should also demonstrate that the center is a good investment, and it shows that the business is financially sound and well managed. The financial analysis section contains four components: Firstly the Summary of financial needs that briefly describes why funding is needed, the type of funding required, total amount needed, and how the funds will be used. Secondly is the A well-prepared development budget showing that the costs involved have been carefully considered including both the line item costs and the known or anticipated sources of funding. Thirdly is financial projections which are financial statements used to predict the future profitability of a business. Projections should be based on realistic research and reasonable assumptions. They include cash flow projections; income (incoming money from parent fees, vouchers, state subsidies, etc. ), and expense projections (health care, tuition or anticipated). Lastly, It is necessary to include financial statements that reflect the businesses past financial activities, a statement of financial position, and a cash flow statement. Previous financial statements or projected statements. (Brealey et al, 1996) Conclusion From Children research, ECD centers ought to be warm nurturing learning environment with trained caring staff, nutritious meals, in a central location of a community having a large safe outdoor play area. These are key areas that a financial administrator should ensure maximum financial support is given as the backbone to the center. (â€Å"Early Childhood Educational Issues†). References: Grossman B, Keyes C Early Childhood Administration, Michigan: Allyn and Bacon National Economic Development and Law Center (2003) Child Care Center Financial Planning and Facilities Development Manual 22nd April 2008 http://www. buildingchildcare. org/CCC%20Manual%20FINAL. pdf Brealey, Richard A. and Myers, Stewart C, Principles of Corporate Finance, New York: McGraw-Hill, (1996). â€Å"Early Childhood Educational Issues. † National Association for the Education of the Young Children. 22nd April 2008 http://www. naeyc. org/ece/. (Name of first ECD center). Personal interview. 22nd April 2008. (Name of the second center). Personal interview. 22nd April 2008.